Sample interview questions: Can you discuss your knowledge of age-related changes in the renal and urinary systems of older adults?
Sample answer:
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Age-related changes in the renal system:
- Decreased renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR): This can lead to a decline in the kidneys’ ability to filter waste products and excess fluid from the blood, which can increase the risk of kidney disease.
- Tubular dysfunction: The tubules are responsible for reabsorbing important nutrients and electrolytes from the urine back into the bloodstream. With age, the tubules become less efficient at this process, which can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and an increased risk of kidney stones.
- Changes in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS): The RAAS is a hormone system that helps to regulate blood pressure. With age, the RAAS becomes less responsive to changes in blood pressure, which can lead to hypertension.
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Age-related changes in the urinary system:
- Decreased bladder capacity: The bladder’s ability to store urine decreases with age. This can lead to more frequent urination, especially at night.
- Weaker bladder muscles: The muscles of the bladder become weaker with age, which can make it more difficult to empty the bladder completely. This can lead to urinary retention and an increased risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs).
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