Sample interview questions: How do you handle patients who are in need of emergency hypertensive encephalopathy management?
Sample answer:
How do you handle patients who are in need of emergency hypertensive encephalopathy management?
Assessment
- History: Assess for recent hypertension, medication adherence, and symptoms (e.g., headache, altered mental status, seizures).
- Physical examination: Measure blood pressure, perform a neurological exam, and assess for signs of hypertensive crisis (e.g., papilledema).
Treatment
- Immediate stabilization: Lower blood pressure rapidly and safely to reduce cerebral edema. Options include intravenous (IV) nicardipine, labetalol, or sodium nitroprusside.
- Anticonvulsants: Administer anticonvulsants (e.g., levetiracetam, valproic acid) to control seizures.
- Neuroprotective measures: Consider mannitol or hypertonic saline to reduce cerebral edema and protect neuronal function.
- Intensive care monitoring: Patients require close monitoring in an intensive care unit (ICU) with continuous blood pressure and neurological assessments.
Additional Considerations
- Causes of hypertension: Identify and address the u… Read full answer
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