How do you assess and support patients with compromised breathing?

Sample interview questions: How do you assess and support patients with compromised breathing?

Sample answer:

Assessing and providing support to patients with compromised breathing requires critical observation, diligent care, and prompt intervention. Here’s a comprehensive approach to assessing and assisting such patients:

1. Assessment:

2. Observe Respiratory Rate and Pattern: Monitor their respiratory rate and note any deviations from normal (12-20 breaths per minute). Observe for patterns such as Cheyne-Stokes respirations, Kussmaul’s respiration, or ataxic breathing.

3. Assess Oxygen Saturation: Use a pulse oximeter to measure oxygen saturation levels. Target SpO2 levels ≥ 90-92% for most patients.
4. Lung Auscultation: Listen to lung sounds for diminished breath sounds, rales, wheezes, or other abnormal sounds.
5. Palpate Chest Expansion: Gently palpate the chest for equal chest expansion. Check for any areas of decreased or absent movement.

6. Review Medical History: Gather information about underlying conditions, allergies, medications, and previous respiratory issues.

7. Supportive Measures:

8. Position the Patient: Elevate the patient’s head and shoulders to promote optimal lung expansion. If conscious, encourage them to sit upright or assume a semi-Fowler’s position.

9. Administer Supplemental Oxygen: Provide supplemental oxygen as prescribed to maintain SpO2 levels. Use appropriate delivery methods (nasal cannula, face mask, or non-rebreather mask) based on the patient’s condition.
10. Nebulize Medications: Administer nebulized bronchodilators or mucolytics if prescribed to help open airways and loosen secretions.
11. Encourage Coughing and Deep Breathing: Encourage the patient to cough effectively to clear secretions and promote lung expansion. Teach deep breathing techniques to improve oxygen intake.
12. Maintain Fluid Balance: Ensure adequate hydration to help loosen secretions and prevent dehydration. Monitor fluid intake and output.

13. Monitor Vital Signs: Read full answer

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