Sample interview questions: How do you assess and support patients with urinary system problems?
Sample answer:
Assessment:
- Patient History:
- Ask about recent urinary complaints, such as frequency, urgency, dysuria, nocturia, hematuria, and incontinence.
- Medical history, including chronic conditions (diabetes, hypertension), previous urinary tract infections (UTIs), surgeries, or urinary system trauma.
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Current medications and supplements, as some can affect urinary function.
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Physical Examination:
- Assess vital signs, noting any fever, elevated blood pressure, or tachycardia.
- Palpate the kidneys and bladder for tenderness, enlargement, or masses.
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Examine external genitalia for signs of infection, irritation, lesions, or discharge.
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Urinalysis:
- Analyze urine for appearance, color, specific gravity, pH, presence of glucose, ketones, bilirubin, blood, nitrite, and leukocytes.
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Microscopic examination may reveal bacteria, casts, or crystals.
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Imaging Studies:
- Ultrasound of the urinary tract to assess structural abnormalities, such as hydronephrosis, bladder tumors, or kidney stones.
- Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) or computed tomography (CT) urography to identify anatomical defects or obstructive lesions.
Support:
- Medical Management:
- Prescribe antibiotics for urinary tract infections based on sensitivity testing.
- Initiate pain management strategies for conditions causing discomfort, such as kidney stones or interstitial cysti… Read full answer
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